(1) metal tissue
1. Metal: it has good thermal and electrical conductivity with opaque and metallic luster, and its electrical conductivity decreases with the increase of temperature, and it is rich in ductility and malleability.A solid (or crystal) in which the atoms of a metal are regularly arranged.2. Alloy: a substance which is composed of two or more metals or metals and non-metals and has metal properties.3. Phase: components with the same composition, structure and performance in the alloy.Solid solution: an atom (compound) of one (or several) element dissolves into the lattice of another element, while a solid metal crystal of the lattice type of the other element remains.5. Solid solution strengthening: as solute atoms enter the gap or junction of solvent lattice, the lattice is distorted, resulting in increased hardness and strength of solid solution. This phenomenon is called solid solution strengthening.6. Compound: the alloy elements are combined to form a new solid crystal structure with metal properties.Mechanical mixture: an alloy consisting of two crystalline structures, one component, though two crystalline, having independent mechanical properties.8. Total iron: carbon at %26alpha;- interstitial solid solution in Fe.9. Austenite: carbon at %26gamma;- interstitial solid solution in Fe.Carburized bodies: stable compounds of carbon and iron (Fe3c).11. Pearlite: mechanical mixture of ferrite and cementite (F+Fe3c with carbon 0.8%)
Heat treatment
A process of changing the structure and properties of a metal material in a solid state through certain heating, heat preservation, and cooling.
Annealing: a heat treatment in which metal or alloy materials or components are heated to a phase or partial phase transition temperature for a period of time and then slowly cooled.14. Normal fire: a heat treatment process in which the steel is heated to a temperature above the complete phase transition and cooled in the air after a certain period of heat preservation.15. Quenching: heat treatment process in which the steel is heated to the phase change or part of the phase change temperature and rapidly cools after being kept for a period of time.16. Tempering: heat treatment process in which hardened steel is reheated to a certain temperature (below the phase change temperature) for a period of time and then cooled.17. Tempering treatment: the steel is hardened and then tempered at high temperature. This composite process is called tempering treatment.Surface heat treatment: heat treatment process that changes the microstructure or chemical composition of the surface of a steel piece to its surface properties.